Antarctic Explorers Timeline: Early 1800s

Antarctic Expeditions of the early 1800s

Year	Leader	Outcomes	Remarks
1805	Fanning	Explored Crozet	USA (Ships: Catherine); killed 57,000 fur seals
1808	Lindsay	Re-discovered Bouvet	England (Ships: Otter & Swan)
1810	Hasselborough	Discovered Macquarie	England (Ship: Perseverence)
1819	Smith	Discovered and landed on South Shetlands	England (Ship: Williams)
1819/20	Bransfield	Mapped South Shetlands; Sighted and mapped portions of Antarctic peninsula February 1, 1820. Discovered Trinity Land	England (Ship: Williams, member of Smith expedition)
1819/20	Timblon	First sea lion expedition specifically for South Shetlands	Argentina (Ship: San Juan Nepomuceno)
1819/20	Sheffield	Mapped NW side of South Shetlands	USA (Ship Hersilia); member of Palmer Expedition)
1819/21	Bellinghausen	Circumnavigated Antarctica. First to sight the continent (Queen Maud Land) on Jan 28, 1820. Discovered Alexander I Land, Peter I Island, Annenkov Island, & Traversey Island. Surveyed South Sandwich Islands.	Russia, (Ships: Mirny & Vostok)
1820/21	Smith Bransfield	Explored and mapped South Shetlands	England (Ship: Williams)
1820/21	Pendelton	Discovery of islands on W coast of Grahamland about 66° S.	USA (Ship: Frederick)
1820/21	Palmer	Discovery of Palmer Land (Peninsula)	USA (Ship: Hero)
1820/21	Sherratt	First long stay on George Island. Mapped central Shetland Islands	England (Ship: Lady Trowbridge)
1820/21	Weddell	Exploration of South Shetland Islands	England (Ships: Jane & Beaufoy)
1820/21	Clark	First overwintering on King George Island	England (Ship: Lord Melville)
1820/22	Davis	First recorded landing on continent (Hughes Bay), February 7, 1821.	USA (Ship: Cecilia)
1820/22	Powell	Mapped South Shetlands; discovered South Orkneys (1821) and Palmer Land (same time as Palmer)	England (Ship: Dove)
1820/23	Veale	Spent 22 months on Crosset (shipwreck)	England (Ship: Prince of Wales)
1820/22	Palmer	Discovery of South Orkneys (same time as Powell). Sighted Antarctic continent.	USA (Ship: James Moore)
1821/22	Weddell	Discovered, independently of Palmer and Powell, the South Orkneys	England (Ships: Jane & Beaufoy);
1822/23	Morrell	First landing on Bouvet (December 1882). Explored Kerguelen and South Sandwich Islands	USA (Ship: Wasp)
1822/24	Weddell	Mapped South Orkneys, first entry into Weddell Sea	England (Ships: Jane & Beaufoy); Southernmost point = 74° 15' S 34° 17' W
1824/25	Hughes	Sighted Hughes Bay in Graham Land	England (Ship: Sprightly)
1825/26	Norris	Sighting of Bouvet	England (Ships: Spritely & Lively)
1825/29	Sinclair	Shipwrecked off Kerguelen. Remained there 3 years. Reported by J. Nunn	England (Ship: Royal Sovereign)
1828/31	Foster	Mapped Deception Island. First expedition with knowledgeable measurements	England (Ship: Chanticleer)
1829/30	N. Pendelton & A. Palmer	First U.S. expedition with scientists	USA (Ships: Seraph, Annawan, Penguin)
1829/31	Brown	Explored northern South Sandwich Islands	USA (Ship: Pacific)
1830	Harvey	Explored Macquarie	England (Ship Venus); Southernmost point = 72° S in Ross Sea
1830/32	Biscoe	Discovered Enderby Land, Adelaide Island, Biscoe Island, and Graham Land coast. Circumnavigated Antarctica.	England (Ships: Tula & Lively); Southernmost point = 13° E, 69° 25' S
1833/34	Rea	Followed up on discoveries of Biscoe.	England (Ships: Rose & Hopeful); Lost the Rose at 60° S 53° W.
1833/34	Kemp	Discovered Kemp Land and Heard Island	England (Ship: Magnet); Enderby sealer
1837/40	d'Urville	Discovery of Adelie Land, Clarie Land and Louis Phillipe Land (north of Graham Land), and Joinville Island. First large party to land on the continent.	French (Ships: Astrolabe and Zelee)
1837	Cecille	Explored Prince Edward Island, Landed on Crozet Island	French (Ship: Heroine)
1838/39	Balleny	Discoved Balleny Island	England (Ships: Eliza Scott and Sabrina)
1838/40	Wilkes	Discovery of Wilkes Lands. Sailed along ~2700 km of coast and landed nine times. Large segment of Antarctic coastline mapped.	USA (Ships Peacock, Flying Fish, Porpoise, Vincennes); Southernmost point = 100° W 70° S.
1839/43	Ross	Discovered South Victoria Land and ice barrier. Mapped 500 miles of coastline. Exploration of Prince Edward Island, Crozet Island, Kerguelen Group, & Joinville Island; Discovery of Ross Island. First to navigate through pack ice barrier. Sailed along the wall of ice now know as Ross Ice Shelf.	England (Ships: Erebus & Terror); Southernmost points = a) 161° 27' W 78° 10 S, b) 15°g 47' W 71° 30' S
1845	Moore	Magnetic measurements	England (Ship: Pagoda); Southernmost point = 39° 40'E 67° 51'S
1849	Long	Rediscovered Heard Island	USA. (Ship: Charles Carroll)
1850	Tapsell	Rediscovered Balleny Island.	England (Ship: Brisk)

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Go To: Explorations Timeline: Late 1800s

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Information from:

70 South (2003). Antarctic Explorers. Online: http://www.70south.com/resources/history/explorers/

Cameron, I. (1974). Antarctica: The last continent. London: Cassell & Company. pp. 243-247.

Carrol, P. (2003). The South Atlantic and subantarctic islands. Online: http://www.btinternet.com/%7Esa_sa/

Factmonster (2000). Antarctica: History of Exploration. Online: http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0856635.html

Kosack, H.P., (1955). Geographische Handbücher die Antarktis, Keysersche Heidelberg: Verlagbuchhandlung. pp.261-285

Seattle P-I.com (1999). History of Antarctica. Online:http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/antarctica/about/history.shtml

South Pole.com (2003). Antarctic Explorers. Online. http://www.south-pole.com

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